Yes, we can prevent all internal parasites by determining their type, treating them, and setting you up on a regular preventative program.

Dog exercise is vitally important. It’s the same for us. The more active you are, it's healthier for you in almost every capacity you can imagine—maintaining weight, maintaining the joints’ health, and muscle firmness and tone.

Dogs are also pack animals. By their very nature, dogs are pack animals who in the wild would be roaming and searching and all day long; they're either eating, sleeping, or hunting. And we try to domesticate them and ask them to stay in a house or a kennel, and we think they're going to be just fine. Well, most of them are. They adapt quite well, but they thrive in an environment where they can use that energy and use their senses and go out searching and exploring, so mentally, it's a big deal for them—even if it's merely taking a walk morning and evening, or playing outside if you have a big yard. I don't have time for walks, but I have a giant yard where I can let them go and run and play fetch. And we play little scent games with my little Dachshunds, as those are exercises that use their minds and create a healthier dog in general. I strongly encourage mental and physical activities for your dogs.

Go off of the feeding recommendations of the dog food that you're using. Pick up the bag you buy and turn it around. They're going to have a guide that says, "Oh, a 20-pound dog should get two cups a day. A 40-pound dog gets X amount of cups." If you follow that, you're going to be pretty close. There are a couple of exceptions. The first is that you want to feed them off their target weight, not what they currently weigh. And I'm only saying that because many dogs that we see are overweight, if I can put it politely. If you have a Labrador who weighs 100 pounds, but he's supposed to weigh 75 pounds, you want to feed him based on what a 75-pound dog should eat and not continue to maintain them at a hundred pounds.

The other consideration also depends on the activity level of the dog. I have friends that hunt with their dogs multiple days a week. Some of them almost every day of the week. They're running numerous miles a day in the field. That's an athletic dog. They're going to require more energy and likely more food.

Third, if you have a dog that spends a lot of time outdoors when it's colder, they require a higher calorie content in their food. Their metabolism is going to speed up. It takes energy to keep your body warm. And it's a proven fact that in the summertime dogs eating the same amount will tend to put on weight, whereas in the wintertime they will drop weight, so their food depends on all those factors—activity level, diet, and medical conditions.

What is the best nutrition possible? If you know, please email me at The Waggin’ Train, and we can figure this out together. Nobody knows what that is. If you’re feeding high-quality dog food, you’re on the right track. What's a good quality diet? Everyone has different opinions. I'm not going to stand on a soapbox and tell you it's got to be this or this. But if you stick with one of the big four or five major food manufacturers, such as IAMS, Eukanuba, Royal Canin, or Purina One, you should be fine. Science Diet is one of my favorites. There are other companies, but those are the big ones that I look at. I know the research behind those foods. I know the companies. Most of those that I just referenced there have medical or veterinary lines to them as well.

The second part of that answer is if your animal does have an ongoing medical condition, you may have to alter their diets. For example, you might have to choose a diet that aids in kidney function. Let's say you have an animal with kidney problems. You're going to want to feed a low protein, low phosphorus, a magnesium-type diet so that you don't make the kidneys have to work harder than they need to.

I don't know if there are health issues you can watch at home, but there are certainly health signs that you can watch for at home to point you to a more significant problem. What am I talking about? Specifically, when I hear this question, the one that comes to my mind is a dog that's reluctant to jump on and off of things now. I have a couple of small dogs at home, and they're like little jumping beans—they want on and off everything. What happens if one day they want to jump on you, but they don't? Or they want to jump on the couch, but they don't? They sit there, and they pause. They're like, "Ooh." As subtle as that seems, you might think, "Oh, they're just tired today." It could be that they have a hurt back as well. Or maybe they have a cruciate problem, a kneecap or something like that. Little subtle changes in their activity level can lead us to much bigger pictures.

Also, watch how much they drink, how much they urinate and check their bowel movements from time to time. I'm not saying you've got to stay around them every single day and time that they go. I have diagnosed many dogs with diabetes or kidney problems, even thyroid issues, just because of water intake and urination habits. All of those things factor in, and it's all little subtle things that you can look for and keep watch for at home.

If it's the first time that this particular veterinarian sees your dog, then you're going to want to bring as much as you can. So what does that mean? You're going to want to bring previous records (including vaccinations) from the former veterinarian, a stool sample, the latter of which is a good thing to bring whether it's a new vet or your current vet that you've seen for years. A stool sample is often something they want to look at.

Ask the office first whether they want a urine sample. You might also consider bringing a previous rabies tag if you're unsure or you don't have the rest of the records with you. And then the other thing I would bring is a list of medications. Again, if you're seeing this veterinarian currently and have been for a while, they should have a list of those medications because they're probably the ones prescribing it to you. But if you moved or you're switching veterinarians, bring a list of all current medications that your dog has taken.

We’ll check the teeth every time you come in, as we do that as part of the physical exam. And every cat is different in how often they need proper cleaning. We recommend teeth brushing at home or maybe even feeding a specific dental food based on the health of the mouth. The doctor will then make the recommendation on yes, it's time for a cleaning or, no, I think we can wait maybe six months. Let's recheck it then, so that is very dependent on the oral health of the cat.

We recommend at least once a year getting your healthy cat into the vet to check their body weight, go over their diet and nutrition, and conduct the physical exam to ensure there isn't a problem that you just can't see.

We’re initially going to see kittens right after you adopt them. And then we need to see them every three weeks until they're four months old for their vaccine series. And then when they're about six months old, they're going to be examined again, and that's the time that we do the spay or the neuter.