Spays can take anywhere from 30 minutes to an hour and a half, depending on the size and maturity of the dog. A neuter surgery is usually a little shorter because, as I mentioned, you're not going into the abdomen—so that takes about 30 minutes to an hour.

There can be, especially with neuter surgeries. Sometimes you'll get what's called a scrotal hematoma, where blood kind of builds up in the scrotum. With spays, there are certain vessels that should be ligated or tied off. And sometimes those can come off and there may be some bleeding that way. As a whole, though, complications are pretty minimal.

So the actual process itself shouldn't if they’re anesthetized, and pain management should be regulated well during that procedure. Postoperatively, however, we'll often send home anti-inflammatories to help with the inflammation and the pain.

Female dogs are prepared in the same way that I described it for a neuter; it’s a very aseptic technique, making sure everything's clipped and cleaned and they're anesthetized, but you do go into the abdomen for female spays.

When dogs come in for neuter surgery, they're prepared in a very aseptic way. We clip and clean everything to prepare them for surgery. They're under anesthesia. So it is a pretty serious event in that way. But at the end of the day, neuters are nice because you don't go into the abdomen as you do for a spay for a female.