Hypothyroidism, an underactive thyroid condition, occurs when the thyroid glands in a dog's neck produce insufficient thyroid hormones. Commonly observed in middle-aged to older dogs, this condition can lead to a range of symptoms and health issues.
Symptoms and Appearance
Dogs with hypothyroidism may exhibit signs such as fatigue, increased sleep duration, a subdued attitude, and seeking warmth in cold weather. Slim breeds might appear overweight due to thickened skin. The hair coat becomes dry, loses shine, and may thin out, particularly in areas of friction, often accompanied by darkened skin. Skin infections and poor wound healing are also common. Internal health problems can arise as well.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing hypothyroidism involves blood tests to measure hormone levels. Various tests, including total T4, free T4, TSH, or a TSH stimulation test, may be used. In some cases, multiple tests are necessary for an accurate diagnosis.
Treatment
Oral thyroid hormone supplementation is the main treatment for hypothyroidism. Once treatment begins, dogs often experience rapid improvements in their activity levels. However, finding the right dosage of thyroid supplement may require some time. Hair regrowth and skin lightening can take several months. Occasionally, dogs may exhibit sensitivity to the thyroid supplement dosage, showing signs like a fast heart rate, increased water consumption, altered temperament, or weight loss. If any of these signs emerge, it's important to consult your veterinarian.
Lifelong Management
Hypothyroidism treatment is a lifelong commitment, as there is no definitive cure. Regular blood tests to monitor hormone levels are necessary to ensure your dog receives the appropriate thyroid hormone supplement dosage. With proper management and ongoing care, your dog can lead a healthy and fulfilling life despite this condition.
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